Mechanical buffering
Engineered void accommodates volumetric change instead of transmitting it to the electrode.
Silicon–carbon anode materials
Beyond Graphite.
Beyond Limits.
Silicon holds nearly ten times the theoretical capacity of graphite. The problem has never been capacity — it is keeping silicon intact. We engineer a carbon architecture built to absorb that expansion.
- The graphite ceiling
- 372mAh/gtheoretical specific capacity — the incumbent anode material
The opportunity
Ten times the capacity, from an abundant element.
Graphite has carried lithium-ion batteries for three decades. It is mature, cheap, and reliable — and it is close to a ceiling set by the material itself, not by the engineering around it.
372mAh/g
3,579mAh/g
Silicon is abundant, already familiar to industrial supply chains, and holds the largest known headroom of any practical anode material. On capacity alone, the decision would have been made years ago.
The constraint
Silicon's problem was never capacity. It was survival.
One mechanical event sets off everything that follows. The order matters, because it determines where an intervention has to happen.
~300%
- 01
Expansion
Silicon takes up lithium and swells by roughly three times its volume. Graphite moves about ten percent.
- 02
Fracture
Repeated swelling and contraction exceeds what the particle can absorb. It cracks, then pulverises.
- 03
Isolation
Fragments lose contact with the conductive network. Material that is still chemically active becomes electrically unreachable.
- 04
Interface breakdown
Every new fracture surface forms fresh SEI. The layer never stabilises — it is destroyed and rebuilt on each cycle.
- 05
Consumption
Continuous SEI regrowth consumes electrolyte and cyclable lithium, while internal resistance climbs.
- 06
Fade
Capacity falls away quickly. Without engineering intervention, cells can degrade within tens of cycles.
The architecture
Silicon provides the capacity. Carbon provides the containment.
Nanostructured silicon integrated within an engineered conductive carbon matrix, with void space designed in — so expansion is absorbed internally rather than tearing the electrode apart.
Preserved conductivity
A continuous carbon network maintains electrical pathways as the silicon moves.
Interface stability
A stable outer surface reduces the repeated SEI formation that consumes electrolyte and lithium.
Structural cohesion
The composite is designed to hold together across hundreds of cycles rather than pulverise.
Ion transport
Porosity is engineered to let lithium reach the silicon without long diffusion paths.
Drop-in intent
Developed to run on existing electrode coating and roll-to-roll lines, not new plant.
Development targets
What we are building toward.
These are internal development targets that define the programme. They are not validated commercial specifications, and we do not present them as results.
1,000+mAh/g
500+cycles
>80%
>87%
Where it matters
Every EV, every grid, every device is asking for more energy.
The next increment does not come from a better cell design alone. It comes from changing what the anode is made of.
The next battery breakthrough begins at the anode.
We are looking for cell manufacturers, OEMs, material partners, and investors who want to move silicon from a known opportunity to a qualified material.